{"id":543,"date":"2023-05-26T17:44:53","date_gmt":"2023-05-26T09:44:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/?p=543"},"modified":"2023-05-28T01:17:48","modified_gmt":"2023-05-27T17:17:48","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e5%8d%83%e8%a1%8c-mysql-%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/mysql\/%e4%b8%80%e5%8d%83%e8%a1%8c-mysql-%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u5343\u884c MySQL \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Windows\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n

-- \u542f\u52a8MySQL<\/span>
    net start<\/span> mysql
-- \u521b\u5efaWindows\u670d\u52a1<\/span>
    sc create<\/span> mysql binPath= mysqld_bin_path(\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u7b49\u53f7\u4e0e\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u7a7a\u683c)<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0e\u65ad\u5f00\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n
mysql -h \u5730\u5740 -P \u7aef\u53e3 -u \u7528\u6237\u540d -p \u5bc6\u7801

SHOW<\/span> PROCESSLIST<\/span> -- \u663e\u793a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c<\/span>
SHOW<\/span> VARIABLES<\/span> -- \u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
-- \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/span>
    SELECT<\/span> DATABASE<\/span>();
-- \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7248\u672c<\/span>
    SELECT<\/span> now<\/span>(), user<\/span>(), version<\/span>();
-- \u521b\u5efa\u5e93<\/span>
    CREATE<\/span> DATABASE<\/span>[ IF<\/span> NOT<\/span> EXISTS<\/span>] \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9009\u9879
    \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9009\u9879\uff1a
        CHARACTER<\/span> SET<\/span> charset_name
        COLLATE<\/span> collation_name
-- \u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u6709\u5e93<\/span>
    SHOW<\/span> DATABASES<\/span>[ LIKE<\/span> 'PATTERN'<\/span>]
-- \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5e93\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
    SHOW<\/span> CREATE<\/span> DATABASE<\/span> \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d
-- \u4fee\u6539\u5e93\u7684\u9009\u9879\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
    ALTER<\/span> DATABASE<\/span> \u5e93\u540d \u9009\u9879\u4fe1\u606f
-- \u5220\u9664\u5e93<\/span>
    DROP<\/span> DATABASE<\/span>[ IF<\/span> EXISTS<\/span>] \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d
        \u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8868\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
-- \u521b\u5efa\u8868<\/span>
    CREATE<\/span> [TEMPORARY<\/span>] TABLE<\/span>[ IF<\/span> NOT<\/span> EXISTS<\/span>] [\u5e93\u540d.]\u8868\u540d ( \u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9a\u4e49 )[ \u8868\u9009\u9879]
        \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b
        \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u540e\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u9017\u53f7
        TEMPORARY<\/span> \u4e34\u65f6\u8868\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u8868\u81ea\u52a8\u6d88\u5931
        \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a
            \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b [NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span> | NULL<\/span>] [DEFAULT<\/span> default_value] [AUTO_INCREMENT] [UNIQUE<\/span> [KEY<\/span>] | [PRIMARY<\/span>] KEY<\/span>] [COMMENT 'string'<\/span>]
-- \u8868\u9009\u9879<\/span>
    -- \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6<\/span>
        CHARSET<\/span> = charset_name
        \u5982\u679c\u8868\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6
    -- \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce<\/span>
        ENGINE<\/span> = engine_name
        \u8868\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u540c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7279\u6027\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c
        \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5f15\u64ce\uff1aInnoDB<\/span> MyISAM Memory\/Heap BDB Merge<\/span> Example CSV MaxDB Archive
        \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f15\u64ce\u5728\u4fdd\u5b58\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f
        MyISAM\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u542b\u4e49\uff1a.frm\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c.MYD\u8868\u6570\u636e\uff0c.MYI\u8868\u7d22\u5f15
        InnoDB<\/span>\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u542b\u4e49\uff1a.frm\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8868\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6
        SHOW<\/span> ENGINES<\/span> -- \u663e\u793a\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
        SHOW<\/span> ENGINE<\/span> \u5f15\u64ce\u540d {LOGS<\/span>|STATUS<\/span>} -- \u663e\u793a\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
    -- \u81ea\u589e\u8d77\u59cb\u6570<\/span>
        AUTO_INCREMENT = \u884c\u6570
    -- \u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>
        DATA<\/span> DIRECTORY = '\u76ee\u5f55'<\/span>
    -- \u7d22\u5f15\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>
        INDEX<\/span> DIRECTORY = '\u76ee\u5f55'<\/span>
    -- \u8868\u6ce8\u91ca<\/span>
        COMMENT = 'string'<\/span>
    -- \u5206\u533a\u9009\u9879<\/span>
        PARTITION<\/span> BY<\/span> ... (\u8be6\u7ec6\u89c1\u624b\u518c)
-- \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u8868<\/span>
    SHOW<\/span> TABLES<\/span>[ LIKE<\/span> 'pattern'<\/span>]
    SHOW<\/span> TABLES<\/span> FROM<\/span> \u8868\u540d
-- \u67e5\u770b\u8868\u673a\u6784<\/span>
    SHOW<\/span> CREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> \u8868\u540d \uff08\u4fe1\u606f\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\uff09
    DESC<\/span> \u8868\u540d \/ DESCRIBE<\/span> \u8868\u540d \/ EXPLAIN<\/span> \u8868\u540d \/ SHOW<\/span> COLUMNS<\/span> FROM<\/span> \u8868\u540d [LIKE<\/span> 'PATTERN'<\/span>]
    SHOW<\/span> TABLE<\/span> STATUS<\/span> [FROM<\/span> db_name] [LIKE<\/span> 'pattern'<\/span>]
-- \u4fee\u6539\u8868<\/span>
    -- \u4fee\u6539\u8868\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u9009\u9879<\/span>
        ALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> \u8868\u540d \u8868\u7684\u9009\u9879
        eg: ALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> \u8868\u540d ENGINE<\/span>=MYISAM;
    -- \u5bf9\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/span>
        RENAME<\/span> TABLE<\/span> \u539f\u8868\u540d TO<\/span> \u65b0\u8868\u540d
        RENAME<\/span> TABLE<\/span> \u539f\u8868\u540d TO<\/span> \u5e93\u540d.\u8868\u540d \uff08\u53ef\u5c06\u8868\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09
        -- RENAME\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a\u8868\u540d<\/span>
    -- \u4fee\u6539\u8868\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u673a\u6784\uff0813.1.2. ALTER TABLE\u8bed\u6cd5\uff09<\/span>
        ALTER<\/span> TABLE<\/span> \u8868\u540d \u64cd\u4f5c\u540d
        -- \u64cd\u4f5c\u540d<\/span>
            ADD<\/span>[ COLUMN<\/span>] \u5b57\u6bb5\u5b9a\u4e49       -- \u589e\u52a0\u5b57\u6bb5<\/span>
                AFTER<\/span> \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d          -- \u8868\u793a\u589e\u52a0\u5728\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u540e\u9762<\/span>
                FIRST<\/span>               -- \u8868\u793a\u589e\u52a0\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>
            ADD<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> KEY<\/span>(\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d)   -- \u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u952e<\/span>
            ADD<\/span> UNIQUE<\/span> [\u7d22\u5f15\u540d] (\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d)-- \u521b\u5efa\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15<\/span>
            ADD<\/span> INDEX<\/span> [\u7d22\u5f15\u540d] (\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d) -- \u521b\u5efa\u666e\u901a\u7d22\u5f15<\/span>
            DROP<\/span>[ COLUMN<\/span>] \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d      -- \u5220\u9664\u5b57\u6bb5<\/span>
            MODIFY[ COLUMN<\/span>] \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d \u5b57\u6bb5\u5c5e\u6027     -- \u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u5b57\u6bb5\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d(\u6240\u6709\u539f\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u4e5f\u9700\u5199\u4e0a)<\/span>
            CHANGE<\/span>[ COLUMN<\/span>] \u539f\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d \u65b0\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d \u5b57\u6bb5\u5c5e\u6027      -- \u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u4fee\u6539<\/span>
            DROP<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> KEY<\/span>    -- \u5220\u9664\u4e3b\u952e(\u5220\u9664\u4e3b\u952e\u524d\u9700\u5220\u9664\u5176AUTO_INCREMENT\u5c5e\u6027)<\/span>
            DROP<\/span> INDEX<\/span> \u7d22\u5f15\u540d -- \u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15<\/span>
            DROP<\/span> FOREIGN<\/span> KEY<\/span> \u5916\u952e    -- \u5220\u9664\u5916\u952e<\/span>
-- \u5220\u9664\u8868<\/span>
    DROP<\/span> TABLE<\/span>[ IF<\/span> EXISTS<\/span>] \u8868\u540d ...
-- \u6e05\u7a7a\u8868\u6570\u636e<\/span>
    TRUNCATE<\/span> [TABLE<\/span>] \u8868\u540d
-- \u590d\u5236\u8868\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>
    CREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> \u8868\u540d LIKE<\/span> \u8981\u590d\u5236\u7684\u8868\u540d
-- \u590d\u5236\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6570\u636e<\/span>
    CREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> \u8868\u540d [AS<\/span>] SELECT<\/span> * FROM<\/span> \u8981\u590d\u5236\u7684\u8868\u540d
-- \u68c0\u67e5\u8868\u662f\u5426\u6709\u9519\u8bef<\/span>
    CHECK<\/span> TABLE<\/span> tbl_name [, tbl_name] ... [option<\/span>] ...
-- \u4f18\u5316\u8868<\/span>
    OPTIMIZE<\/span> [LOCAL<\/span> | NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG<\/span>] TABLE<\/span> tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...
-- \u4fee\u590d\u8868<\/span>
    REPAIR<\/span> [LOCAL<\/span> | NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG<\/span>] TABLE<\/span> tbl_name [, tbl_name] ... [QUICK<\/span>] [EXTENDED<\/span>] [USE_FRM]
-- \u5206\u6790\u8868<\/span>
    ANALYZE<\/span> [LOCAL<\/span> | NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG<\/span>] TABLE<\/span> tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
-- \u589e<\/span>
    INSERT<\/span> [INTO<\/span>] \u8868\u540d [(\u5b57\u6bb5\u5217\u8868)] VALUES<\/span> (\u503c\u5217\u8868)[, (\u503c\u5217\u8868), ...]
        -- \u5982\u679c\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u503c\u5217\u8868\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u5e76\u4e14\u987a\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u5b57\u6bb5\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/span>
        -- \u53ef\u540c\u65f6\u63d2\u5165\u591a\u6761\u6570\u636e\u8bb0\u5f55\uff01<\/span>
        REPLACE<\/span> \u4e0e INSERT<\/span> \u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4e92\u6362\u3002
    INSERT<\/span> [INTO<\/span>] \u8868\u540d SET<\/span> \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d=\u503c[, \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d=\u503c, ...]
-- \u67e5<\/span>
    SELECT<\/span> \u5b57\u6bb5\u5217\u8868 FROM<\/span> \u8868\u540d[ \u5176\u4ed6\u5b50\u53e5]
        -- \u53ef\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5<\/span>
        -- \u5176\u4ed6\u5b50\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
        -- \u5b57\u6bb5\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528*\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5<\/span>
-- \u5220<\/span>
    DELETE<\/span> FROM<\/span> \u8868\u540d[ \u5220\u9664\u6761\u4ef6\u5b50\u53e5]
        \u6ca1\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u5168\u90e8
-- \u6539<\/span>
    UPDATE<\/span> \u8868\u540d SET<\/span> \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d=\u65b0\u503c[, \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d=\u65b0\u503c] [\u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6]<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7f16\u7801<\/p>\n
-- MySQL\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u5747\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801<\/span>
-- \u6570\u636e\u7f16\u7801\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7f16\u7801\u4e0d\u9700\u4e00\u81f4<\/span>
SHOW<\/span> VARIABLES<\/span> LIKE<\/span> 'character_set_%'<\/span>   -- \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7f16\u7801\u9879<\/span>
    character_set_client        \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7801
    character_set_results       \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7801
    character_set_connection    \u8fde\u63a5\u5c42\u7f16\u7801
SET<\/span> \u53d8\u91cf\u540d = \u53d8\u91cf\u503c
    SET<\/span> character_set_client = gbk;
    SET<\/span> character_set_results = gbk;
    SET<\/span> character_set_connection = gbk;
SET<\/span> NAMES<\/span> GBK;  -- \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u4e2a\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
-- \u6821\u5bf9\u96c6<\/span>
    \u6821\u5bf9\u96c6\u7528\u4ee5\u6392\u5e8f
    SHOW<\/span> CHARACTER<\/span> SET<\/span> [LIKE<\/span> 'pattern'<\/span>]\/SHOW<\/span> CHARSET<\/span> [LIKE<\/span> 'pattern'<\/span>]   \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6
    SHOW<\/span> COLLATION<\/span> [LIKE<\/span> 'pattern'<\/span>]     \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u6821\u5bf9\u96c6
    CHARSET<\/span> \u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7f16\u7801     \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7f16\u7801
    COLLATE<\/span> \u6821\u5bf9\u96c6\u7f16\u7801     \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6821\u5bf9\u96c6\u7f16\u7801<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5217\u7c7b\u578b\uff09<\/p>\n
1. \u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b

-- a. \u6574\u578b ----------<\/span>
    \u7c7b\u578b         \u5b57\u8282     \u8303\u56f4\uff08\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff09
    tinyint     1\u5b57\u8282    -128 ~ 127      \u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff1a0 ~ 255
    smallint    2\u5b57\u8282    -32768 ~ 32767
    mediumint   3\u5b57\u8282    -8388608 ~ 8388607
    int         4\u5b57\u8282
    bigint      8\u5b57\u8282
    int(M)  M\u8868\u793a\u603b\u4f4d\u6570
    - \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b58\u5728\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0cunsigned \u5c5e\u6027\u4fee\u6539
    - \u663e\u793a\u5bbd\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u4e0d\u591f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u6bb5\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u524d\u9762\u4ee50\u8865\u586b\uff0czerofill \u5c5e\u6027\u4fee\u6539
        \u4f8b\uff1aint(5)   \u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570'123'\uff0c\u8865\u586b\u540e\u4e3a'00123'
    - \u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d8a\u5c0f\u8d8a\u597d\u3002
    - 1\u8868\u793abool\u503c\u771f\uff0c0\u8868\u793abool\u503c\u5047\u3002MySQL\u6ca1\u6709\u5e03\u5c14\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6574\u578b0\u548c1\u8868\u793a\u3002\u5e38\u7528tinyint(1)\u8868\u793a\u5e03\u5c14\u578b\u3002

-- b. \u6d6e\u70b9\u578b ----------<\/span>
    \u7c7b\u578b             \u5b57\u8282     \u8303\u56f4
    float(\u5355\u7cbe\u5ea6)     4\u5b57\u8282
    double(\u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6)    8\u5b57\u8282
    \u6d6e\u70b9\u578b\u65e2\u652f\u6301\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d unsigned \u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u663e\u793a\u5bbd\u5ea6 zerofill \u5c5e\u6027\u3002
        \u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u6574\u578b\uff0c\u524d\u540e\u5747\u4f1a\u8865\u586b0.
    \u5b9a\u4e49\u6d6e\u70b9\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u6307\u5b9a\u603b\u4f4d\u6570\u548c\u5c0f\u6570\u4f4d\u6570\u3002
        float(M, D)     double(M, D)
        M\u8868\u793a\u603b\u4f4d\u6570\uff0cD\u8868\u793a\u5c0f\u6570\u4f4d\u6570\u3002
        M\u548cD\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4f1a\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u6574\u578b\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u3002
        M\u65e2\u8868\u793a\u603b\u4f4d\u6570\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u548c\u6b63\u8d1f\u53f7\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\u663e\u793a\u5bbd\u5ea6\uff08\u6240\u6709\u663e\u793a\u7b26\u53f7\u5747\u5305\u62ec\uff09\u3002
        \u652f\u6301\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u3002
        \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u8868\u793a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u503c\u3002

-- c. \u5b9a\u70b9\u6570 ----------<\/span>
    decimal -- \u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u5ea6<\/span>
    decimal(M, D)   M\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\u603b\u4f4d\u6570\uff0cD\u8868\u793a\u5c0f\u6570\u4f4d\u6570\u3002
    \u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u56db\u820d\u4e94\u5165\u3002
    \u5c06\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u6bcf9\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a4\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002

2. \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b

-- a. char, varchar ----------<\/span>
    char    \u5b9a\u957f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u6d6a\u8d39\u7a7a\u95f4
    varchar \u53d8\u957f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4
    M\u8868\u793a\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6b64\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\uff0c\u975e\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002
    \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u540c\u3002
    char,\u6700\u591a255\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u65e0\u5173\u3002
    varchar,\u6700\u591a65535\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u6709\u5173\u3002
    \u4e00\u6761\u6709\u6548\u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u5927\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc765535\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002
        utf8 \u6700\u5927\u4e3a21844\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0cgbk \u6700\u5927\u4e3a32766\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0clatin1 \u6700\u5927\u4e3a65532\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26
    varchar \u662f\u53d8\u957f\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4fdd\u5b58 varchar \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5c0f\u4e8e255\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5219\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002
    varchar \u7684\u6700\u5927\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u7531\u6700\u5927\u884c\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u786e\u5b9a\u3002
    \u6700\u5927\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u662f65532\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728varchar\u5b58\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd8\u9700\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\u662f64432-1-2=65532\u5b57\u8282\u3002
    \u4f8b\uff1a\u82e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a CREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> tb(c1 int<\/span>, c2 char<\/span>(30<\/span>), c3 varchar<\/span>(N)) charset<\/span>=utf8; \u95eeN\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f \u7b54\uff1a(65535-1-2-4-30*3)\/3

-- b. blob, text ----------<\/span>
    blob \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08\u5b57\u8282\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09
        tinyblob, blob, mediumblob, longblob
    text \u975e\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08\u5b57\u7b26\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09
        tinytext, text, mediumtext, longtext
    text \u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u3002
    text \u7c7b\u578b\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u7ed9default\u503c

-- c. binary, varbinary ----------<\/span>
    \u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8echar\u548cvarchar\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5b57\u8282\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u800c\u975e\u5b57\u7b26\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002
    char, varchar, text \u5bf9\u5e94 binary, varbinary, blob.

3. \u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7c7b\u578b
    \u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6574\u578b\u4fdd\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aPHP\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u8fdb\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u3002
    datetime    8\u5b57\u8282    \u65e5\u671f\u53ca\u65f6\u95f4     1000-01-01 00:00:00 \u5230 9999-12-31 23:59:59
    date        3\u5b57\u8282    \u65e5\u671f         1000-01-01 \u5230 9999-12-31
    timestamp   4\u5b57\u8282    \u65f6\u95f4\u6233        19700101000000 \u5230 2038-01-19 03:14:07
    time        3\u5b57\u8282    \u65f6\u95f4         -838:59:59 \u5230 838:59:59
    year        1\u5b57\u8282    \u5e74\u4efd         1901 - 2155
datetime    YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
timestamp   YY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss
            YYYYMMDDhhmmss
            YYMMDDhhmmss
            YYYYMMDDhhmmss
            YYMMDDhhmmss
date        YYYY-MM-DD
            YY-MM-DD
            YYYYMMDD
            YYMMDD
            YYYYMMDD
            YYMMDD
time        hh:mm:ss
            hhmmss
            hhmmss
year        YYYY
            YY
            YYYY
            YY

4. \u679a\u4e3e\u548c\u96c6\u5408

-- \u679a\u4e3e(enum) ----------<\/span>
enum(val1, val2, val3...)
    \u5728\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u503c\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u9009\u3002\u6700\u5927\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a65535.
    \u679a\u4e3e\u503c\u5728\u4fdd\u5b58\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee52\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6574\u578b(smallint)\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u679a\u4e3e\u503c\uff0c\u6309\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ece1\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u4e00\u9012\u589e\u3002
    \u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5374\u662f\u6574\u578b\u3002
    NULL\u503c\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u662fNULL\u3002
    \u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u9519\u8bef\u503c\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\u662f0\u3002


-- \u96c6\u5408\uff08set\uff09 ----------<\/span>
set<\/span>(val1, val2, val3...)
    create<\/span> table<\/span> tab ( gender set<\/span>('\u7537'<\/span>, '\u5973'<\/span>, '\u65e0'<\/span>) );
    insert<\/span> into<\/span> tab values<\/span> ('\u7537, \u5973'<\/span>);
    \u6700\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u670964\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6210\u5458\u3002\u4ee5bigint\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u51718\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u91c7\u53d6\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002
    \u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u8868\u65f6\uff0cSET<\/span>\u6210\u5458\u503c\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u7a7a\u683c\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
-- PHP\u89d2\u5ea6<\/span>
1. \u529f\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3
2. \u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c3d\u91cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8
3. \u8003\u8651\u517c\u5bb9\u95ee\u9898

-- IP\u5b58\u50a8 ----------<\/span>
1. \u53ea\u9700\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
2. \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a4\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7int\uff0c\u5373unsigned
    1) PHP\u51fd\u6570\u8f6c\u6362
        ip2long\u53ef\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6574\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u643a\u5e26\u7b26\u53f7\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u9700\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4e3a\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u6574\u578b\u3002
        \u5229\u7528sprintf\u51fd\u6570\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
        sprintf(\"%u\", ip2long('192.168.3.134'));
        \u7136\u540e\u7528long2ip\u5c06\u6574\u578b\u8f6c\u56deIP\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32
    2) MySQL\u51fd\u6570\u8f6c\u6362(\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u578b\uff0cUNSIGNED)
        INET_ATON('127.0.0.1') \u5c06IP\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6574\u578b
        INET_NTOA(2130706433) \u5c06\u6574\u578b\u8f6c\u4e3aIP<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u5217\u7ea6\u675f\uff09<\/p>\n
1. PRIMARY \u4e3b\u952e
    - \u80fd\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\u3002
    - \u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e\u3002
    - \u4e3b\u952e\u5177\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u6027\u3002
    - \u58f0\u660e\u5b57\u6bb5\u65f6\uff0c\u7528 primary key \u6807\u8bc6\u3002
        \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b57\u6bb5\u5217\u8868\u4e4b\u540e\u58f0\u660e
            \u4f8b\uff1acreate<\/span> table<\/span> tab ( id int<\/span>, stu varchar<\/span>(10<\/span>), primary<\/span> key<\/span> (id));
    - \u4e3b\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3anull\u3002
    - \u4e3b\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5171\u540c\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5b57\u6bb5\u5217\u8868\u540e\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
        \u4f8b\uff1acreate<\/span> table<\/span> tab ( id int<\/span>, stu varchar<\/span>(10<\/span>), age int<\/span>, primary<\/span> key<\/span> (stu, age));
2. UNIQUE \u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f\uff09
    \u4f7f\u5f97\u67d0\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u590d\u3002
3. NULL \u7ea6\u675f
    null\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u662f\u5217\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002
    \u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5217\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3anull\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u3002
    null, \u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u3002
    not null, \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002
    insert<\/span> into<\/span> tab values<\/span> (null<\/span>, 'val'<\/span>);
        -- \u6b64\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3anull, \u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u4e3anull<\/span>
4. DEFAULT \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u5c5e\u6027
    \u5f53\u524d\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002
    insert<\/span> into<\/span> tab values<\/span> (default<\/span>, 'val'<\/span>);    -- \u6b64\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/span>
    create<\/span> table<\/span> tab ( add_time timestamp<\/span> default<\/span> current_timestamp<\/span> );
        -- \u8868\u793a\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u8bbe\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/span>
        current_date, current_time
5. AUTO_INCREMENT \u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u957f\u7ea6\u675f
    \u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u957f\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u4e3b\u952e\u6216unique\uff09
    \u53ea\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u957f\u3002
    \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a1\u5f00\u59cb\u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u957f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8868\u5c5e\u6027 auto_increment = x\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u6216 alter<\/span> table<\/span> tbl auto_increment = x;
6. COMMENT \u6ce8\u91ca
    \u4f8b\uff1acreate<\/span> table<\/span> tab ( id int<\/span> ) comment '\u6ce8\u91ca\u5185\u5bb9'<\/span>;
7. FOREIGN KEY \u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f
    \u7528\u4e8e\u9650\u5236\u4e3b\u8868\u4e0e\u4ece\u8868\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002
    alter<\/span> table<\/span> t1 add<\/span> constraint<\/span> `t1_t2_fk`<\/span> foreign<\/span> key<\/span> (t1_id) references<\/span> t2(id);
        -- \u5c06\u8868t1\u7684t1_id\u5916\u952e\u5173\u8054\u5230\u8868t2\u7684id\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/span>
        -- \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5916\u952e\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 constraint \u6307\u5b9a<\/span>
    \u5b58\u5728\u5916\u952e\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4ece\u8868\uff08\u5b50\u8868\uff09\uff0c\u5916\u952e\u6307\u5411\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8868\uff08\u7236\u8868\uff09\u3002
    \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u4fdd\u6301\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5916\u952e\u8868\uff08\u4ece\u8868\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002
    MySQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9InnoDB\u5f15\u64ce\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\uff1a
    \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a
    foreign key (\u5916\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09 references \u4e3b\u8868\u540d (\u5173\u8054\u5b57\u6bb5) [\u4e3b\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u5220\u9664\u65f6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c] [\u4e3b\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c]
    \u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u8868\u7684\u5916\u952e\u9700\u8981\u7ea6\u675f\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8868\u7684\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5916\u952e\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u8054\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3anull.\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8be5\u5916\u952e\u5217\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709not null\u3002
    \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u66f4\u6539\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u65f6\u4e3b\u8868\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3002
    \u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 on update<\/span> \u6216 on<\/span> delete<\/span>\uff1a\u5728\u5220\u9664\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\uff1a
    1.<\/span> cascade<\/span>\uff0c\u7ea7\u8054\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e3b\u8868\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\uff08\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u66f4\u65b0\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u8868\u4e5f\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\uff08\u5916\u952e\u503c\u66f4\u65b0\uff09\u3002\u4e3b\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4ece\u8868\u76f8\u5173\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e5f\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002
    2.<\/span> set<\/span> null<\/span>\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3anull<\/span>\u3002\u4e3b\u8868\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\uff08\u4e3b\u952e\u503c\u66f4\u65b0\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u8868\u7684\u5916\u952e\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3anull<\/span>\u3002\u4e3b\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4ece\u8868\u76f8\u5173\u8bb0\u5f55\u5916\u952e\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210null<\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u8be5\u5916\u952e\u5217\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709not<\/span> null<\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\u3002
    3.<\/span> restrict<\/span>\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u7236\u8868\u5220\u9664\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002
    \u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5916\u952e\u53ea\u88abInnoDB<\/span>\u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\u6240\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5f15\u64ce\u662f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5efa\u8868\u89c4\u8303<\/p>\n
    -- Normal Format, NF<\/span>
        - \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f
        - \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aID\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e
        - ID\u4e3b\u952e + \u539f\u5b50\u8868
    -- 1NF, \u7b2c\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f<\/span>
        \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5206\uff0c\u5c31\u6ee1\u8db3\u7b2c\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\u3002
    -- 2NF, \u7b2c\u4e8c\u8303\u5f0f<\/span>
        \u6ee1\u8db3\u7b2c\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u90e8\u5206\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002
        \u6d88\u9664\u7b26\u5408\u4e3b\u952e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u90e8\u5206\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u589e\u52a0\u5355\u5217\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002
    -- 3NF, \u7b2c\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f<\/span>
        \u6ee1\u8db3\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4f20\u9012\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002
        \u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4f20\u9012\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002
        \u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u5185\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
SELECT<\/p>\n
SELECT [ALL|DISTINCT] select_expr FROM -> WHERE -> GROUP BY [\u5408\u8ba1\u51fd\u6570] -> HAVING -> ORDER BY -> LIMIT
a. select_expr
    -- \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 * \u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002
        select * from tb;
    -- \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09
        select stu, 29+25, now() from tb;
    -- \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5217\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u3002\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5316\u5217\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e2a\u5217\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u91cd\u590d\u3002
        - \u4f7f\u7528 as \u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7701\u7565 as.
        select stu+10 as add10 from tb;
b. FROM \u5b50\u53e5
    \u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u67e5\u8be2\u6765\u6e90\u3002
    -- \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8868\u8d77\u522b\u540d\u3002\u4f7f\u7528as\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002
        SELECT * FROM tb1 AS tt, tb2 AS bb;
    -- from\u5b50\u53e5\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u3002
        -- \u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u4f1a\u6a2a\u5411\u53e0\u52a0\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u79ef\u3002
        SELECT * FROM tb1, tb2;
    -- \u5411\u4f18\u5316\u7b26\u63d0\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u7d22\u5f15
        USE INDEX\u3001IGNORE INDEX\u3001FORCE INDEX
        SELECT * FROM table1 USE INDEX (key1,key2) WHERE key1=1 AND key2=2 AND key3=3;
        SELECT * FROM table1 IGNORE INDEX (key3) WHERE key1=1 AND key2=2 AND key3=3;
c. WHERE \u5b50\u53e5
    -- \u4ecefrom\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7b5b\u9009\u3002
    -- \u6574\u578b1\u8868\u793a\u771f\uff0c0\u8868\u793a\u5047\u3002
    -- \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7531\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u548c\u8fd0\u7b97\u6570\u7ec4\u6210\u3002
        -- \u8fd0\u7b97\u6570\uff1a\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09\u3001\u503c\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c
        -- \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff1a
            =, <=>, <>, !=, <=, <, >=, >, !, &&, ||,
            in (not) null, (not) like, (not) in, (not) between and, is (not), and, or, not, xor
            is\/is not \u52a0\u4e0ature\/false\/unknown\uff0c\u68c0\u9a8c\u67d0\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u771f\u5047
            <=>\u4e0e<>\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c<=>\u53ef\u7528\u4e8enull\u6bd4\u8f83
d. GROUP BY \u5b50\u53e5, \u5206\u7ec4\u5b50\u53e5
    GROUP BY \u5b57\u6bb5\/\u522b\u540d [\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u5f0f]
    \u5206\u7ec4\u540e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5347\u5e8f\uff1aASC\uff0c\u964d\u5e8f\uff1aDESC
    \u4ee5\u4e0b[\u5408\u8ba1\u51fd\u6570]\u9700\u914d\u5408 GROUP BY \u4f7f\u7528\uff1a
    count \u8fd4\u56de\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u975eNULL\u503c\u6570\u76ee  count(*)\u3001count(\u5b57\u6bb5)
    sum \u6c42\u548c
    max \u6c42\u6700\u5927\u503c
    min \u6c42\u6700\u5c0f\u503c
    avg \u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u503c
    group_concat \u8fd4\u56de\u5e26\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u975eNULL\u503c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7ec4\u5185\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fde\u63a5\u3002
e. HAVING \u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u5b50\u53e5
    \u4e0e where \u529f\u80fd\u3001\u7528\u6cd5\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u673a\u4e0d\u540c\u3002
    where \u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bf9\u539f\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002
    having \u5bf9\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u518d\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002
    having \u5b57\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u67e5\u8be2\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0cwhere \u5b57\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6570\u636e\u8868\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002
    where \u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0chaving \u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6267\u884cWHERE\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c1a\u672a\u786e\u5b9a\u5217\u503c\u3002
    where \u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u8ba1\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u7528\u5408\u8ba1\u51fd\u6570\u624d\u4f1a\u7528 having
    SQL\u6807\u51c6\u8981\u6c42HAVING\u5fc5\u987b\u5f15\u7528GROUP BY\u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u6216\u7528\u4e8e\u5408\u8ba1\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u3002
f. ORDER BY \u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u5b50\u53e5
    order by \u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\/\u522b\u540d \u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u5f0f [,\u6392\u5e8f\u5b57\u6bb5\/\u522b\u540d \u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u5f0f]...
    \u5347\u5e8f\uff1aASC\uff0c\u964d\u5e8f\uff1aDESC
    \u652f\u6301\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u3002
g. LIMIT \u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u7ed3\u679c\u6570\u91cf\u5b50\u53e5
    \u4ec5\u5bf9\u5904\u7406\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u91cf\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u8bb0\u5f55\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u3002
    limit \u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e, \u83b7\u53d6\u6761\u6570
    \u7701\u7565\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u7d22\u5f150\u5f00\u59cb\u3002limit \u83b7\u53d6\u6761\u6570
h. DISTINCT, ALL \u9009\u9879
    distinct \u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u8bb0\u5f55
    \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a all, \u5168\u90e8\u8bb0\u5f55<\/code><\/pre>\n
UNION<\/p>\n
    \u5c06\u591a\u4e2aselect<\/span>\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u5408\u3002
    SELECT<\/span> ... UNION<\/span> [ALL<\/span>|DISTINCT<\/span>] SELECT<\/span> ...
    \u9ed8\u8ba4 DISTINCT<\/span> \u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u884c\u90fd\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684
    \u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2aSELECT<\/span>\u67e5\u8be2\u52a0\u4e0a\u5c0f\u62ec\u53f7\u5305\u88f9\u3002
    ORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> \u6392\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u52a0\u4e0a LIMIT<\/span> \u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u5408\u3002
    \u9700\u8981\u5404select<\/span>\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6570\u91cf\u4e00\u6837\u3002
    \u6bcf\u4e2aselect<\/span>\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5217\u8868(\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u7c7b\u578b)\u5e94\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761select<\/span>\u8bed\u53e5\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n
    - \u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u9700\u7528\u62ec\u53f7\u5305\u88f9\u3002
-- from\u578b<\/span>
    from\u540e\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7ed9\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u53d6\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u3002
    - \u7b80\u5316\u6bcf\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u5185\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002
    - from\u578b\u9700\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4ee5\u539f\u8868\u7684\u9501\u5b9a\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u3002
    - \u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\uff0c\u8868\u578b\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u3002
    select<\/span> * from<\/span> (select<\/span> * from<\/span> tb where<\/span> id>0<\/span>) as<\/span> subfrom where<\/span> id>1<\/span>;
-- where\u578b<\/span>
    - \u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u6807\u91cf\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u3002
    - \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u53d6\u522b\u540d\u3002
    - where\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u5185\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u3002
    select<\/span> * from<\/span> tb where<\/span> money = (select<\/span> max<\/span>(money) from<\/span> tb);
    -- \u5217\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/span>
        \u5982\u679c\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u5217\u3002
        \u4f7f\u7528 in \u6216 not in \u5b8c\u6210\u67e5\u8be2
        exists \u548c not exists \u6761\u4ef6
            \u5982\u679c\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de1\u62160\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u6761\u4ef6\u3002
            select<\/span> column1 from<\/span> t1 where<\/span> exists<\/span> (select<\/span> * from<\/span> t2);
    -- \u884c\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/span>
        \u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u3002
        select<\/span> * from<\/span> t1 where<\/span> (id, gender) in<\/span> (select<\/span> id, gender from<\/span> t2);
        \u884c\u6784\u9020\u7b26\uff1a(col1, col2, ...) \u6216 ROW(col1, col2, ...)
        \u884c\u6784\u9020\u7b26\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5bf9\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5217\u7684\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002
    -- \u7279\u6b8a\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/span>
    != all()    \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e not in
    = some()    \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e in\u3002any \u662f some \u7684\u522b\u540d
    != some()   \u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e not in\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002
    all, some \u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u67e5\u8be2(join)<\/p>\n
    \u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u6761\u4ef6\u3002
-- \u5185\u8fde\u63a5(inner join)<\/span>
    - \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u53ef\u7701\u7565inner\u3002
    - \u53ea\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u9001\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5373\u8fde\u63a5\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7a7a\u884c\u3002
    on \u8868\u793a\u8fde\u63a5\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5176\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0ewhere\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e3a\u771f\uff09
    \u4e5f\u53ef\u7528where\u8868\u793a\u8fde\u63a5\u6761\u4ef6\u3002
    \u8fd8\u6709 using, \u4f46\u9700\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u76f8\u540c\u3002 using(\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d)
    -- \u4ea4\u53c9\u8fde\u63a5 cross join<\/span>
        \u5373\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u8fde\u63a5\u3002
        select<\/span> * from<\/span> tb1 cross<\/span> join<\/span> tb2;
-- \u5916\u8fde\u63a5(outer join)<\/span>
    - \u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u3002
    -- \u5de6\u5916\u8fde\u63a5 left join<\/span>
        \u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5de6\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u53f3\u8868\u4e3anull\u586b\u5145
    -- \u53f3\u5916\u8fde\u63a5 right join<\/span>
        \u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53f3\u8868\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u5de6\u8868\u4e3anull\u586b\u5145
-- \u81ea\u7136\u8fde\u63a5(natural join)<\/span>
    \u81ea\u52a8\u5224\u65ad\u8fde\u63a5\u6761\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6210\u8fde\u63a5\u3002
    \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7701\u7565\u4e86using\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u67e5\u627e\u76f8\u540c\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u3002
    natural join
    natural left join
    natural right join
    
select<\/span> info.id, info.name, info.stu_num, extra_info.hobby, extra_info.sex from<\/span> info, extra_info where<\/span> info.stu_num = extra_info.stu_id;<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5bfc\u51fa<\/p>\n
select<\/span> * into<\/span> outfile<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6\u5730\u5740 [\u63a7\u5236\u683c\u5f0f] from<\/span> \u8868\u540d;   -- \u5bfc\u51fa\u8868\u6570\u636e
<\/span>
load<\/span> data<\/span> [local<\/span>] infile<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6\u5730\u5740 [replace<\/span>|ignore<\/span>] into<\/span> table<\/span> \u8868\u540d [\u63a7\u5236\u683c\u5f0f]; -- \u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/span>
    \u751f\u6210\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u662f\u5236\u8868\u7b26
    local\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u5219\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a
    replace<\/span> \u548c ignore<\/span> \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u952e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5904\u7406
-- \u63a7\u5236\u683c\u5f0f<\/span>
fields<\/span>  \u63a7\u5236\u5b57\u6bb5\u683c\u5f0f
\u9ed8\u8ba4\uff1afields<\/span> terminated<\/span> by<\/span> 't'<\/span> enclosed<\/span> by<\/span> ''<\/span> escaped<\/span> by<\/span> '\\'<\/span>
    terminated<\/span> by<\/span> 'string'<\/span>  -- \u7ec8\u6b62<\/span>
    enclosed<\/span> by<\/span> 'char'<\/span>      -- \u5305\u88f9<\/span>
    escaped<\/span> by<\/span> 'char'<\/span>       -- \u8f6c\u4e49<\/span>
    -- \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/span>
        SELECT<\/span> a,b,a+b INTO<\/span> OUTFILE<\/span> '\/tmp\/result.text'<\/span>
        FIELDS<\/span> TERMINATED<\/span> BY<\/span> ','<\/span> OPTIONALLY<\/span> ENCLOSED<\/span> BY<\/span> '\"'<\/span>
        LINES<\/span> TERMINATED<\/span> BY<\/span> 'n'<\/span>
        FROM<\/span> test_table;
lines   \u63a7\u5236\u884c\u683c\u5f0f
\u9ed8\u8ba4\uff1alines terminated by 'n'
    terminated by 'string'  -- \u7ec8\u6b62<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
INSERT<\/p>\n
select<\/span>\u8bed\u53e5\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528insert<\/span>\u63d2\u5165\u3002
\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u5bf9\u5217\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42 values<\/span> () \u62ec\u53f7\u5185\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4e86\u6309\u7167\u5217\u987a\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u3002
    \u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528set<\/span>\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002
    INSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> tbl_name SET<\/span> field<\/span>=value<\/span>,...\uff1b
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u91c7\u7528(), (), ();\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002
    INSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> tbl_name VALUES<\/span> (), (), ();
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5217\u503c\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002
    INSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> tbl_name VALUES<\/span> (field_value, 10<\/span>+10<\/span>, now<\/span>());
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u503c DEFAULT\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u5217\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002
    INSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> tbl_name VALUES<\/span> (field_value, DEFAULT<\/span>);
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u503c\u3002
    INSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> tbl_name SELECT<\/span> ...;
\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u503c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e3b\u952e\uff08\u6216\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\uff09\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u4e3b\u952e\u5217\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
    INSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> tbl_name VALUES<\/span>\/SET<\/span>\/SELECT<\/span> ON<\/span> DUPLICATE KEY<\/span> UPDATE<\/span> \u5b57\u6bb5=\u503c, \u2026;<\/code><\/pre>\n
DELETE<\/p>\n
DELETE<\/span> FROM<\/span> tbl_name [WHERE<\/span> where_definition] [ORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> ...] [LIMIT<\/span> row_count<\/span>]
\u6309\u7167\u6761\u4ef6\u5220\u9664\u3002where<\/span>
\u6307\u5b9a\u5220\u9664\u7684\u6700\u591a\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u3002limit<\/span>
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6392\u5e8f\u6761\u4ef6\u5220\u9664\u3002order<\/span> by<\/span> + limit<\/span>
\u652f\u6301\u591a\u8868\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8fde\u63a5\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002
delete<\/span> from<\/span> \u9700\u8981\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u591a\u88681<\/span>\uff0c\u88682<\/span> using<\/span> \u8868\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c \u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
TRUNCATE<\/p>\n
TRUNCATE<\/span> [TABLE<\/span>] tbl_name
\u6e05\u7a7a\u6570\u636e
\u5220\u9664\u91cd\u5efa\u8868
\u533a\u522b\uff1a
1<\/span>\uff0ctruncate<\/span> \u662f\u5220\u9664\u8868\u518d\u521b\u5efa\uff0cdelete<\/span> \u662f\u9010\u6761\u5220\u9664
2<\/span>\uff0ctruncate<\/span> \u91cd\u7f6eauto_increment\u7684\u503c\u3002\u800cdelete<\/span>\u4e0d\u4f1a
3<\/span>\uff0ctruncate<\/span> \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u51e0\u6761\uff0c\u800cdelete<\/span>\u77e5\u9053\u3002
4<\/span>\uff0c\u5f53\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5e26\u5206\u533a\u7684\u8868\u65f6\uff0ctruncate<\/span> \u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u5206\u533a<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5907\u4efd\u4e0e\u8fd8\u539f<\/p>\n
\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u8868\u5185\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\u3002
\u5229\u7528 mysqldump \u6307\u4ee4\u5b8c\u6210\u3002
-- \u5bfc\u51fa
mysqldump [options] db_name [tables]
mysqldump [options] ---database DB1 [DB2 DB3...]
mysqldump [options] --all--database
1. \u5bfc\u51fa\u4e00\u5f20\u8868
\u3000\u3000mysqldump -u\u7528\u6237\u540d -p\u5bc6\u7801 \u5e93\u540d \u8868\u540d > \u6587\u4ef6\u540d(D:\/a.sql)
2. \u5bfc\u51fa\u591a\u5f20\u8868
\u3000\u3000mysqldump -u\u7528\u6237\u540d -p\u5bc6\u7801 \u5e93\u540d \u88681 \u88682 \u88683 > \u6587\u4ef6\u540d(D:\/a.sql)
3. \u5bfc\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u8868
\u3000\u3000mysqldump -u\u7528\u6237\u540d -p\u5bc6\u7801 \u5e93\u540d > \u6587\u4ef6\u540d(D:\/a.sql)
4. \u5bfc\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e93
\u3000\u3000mysqldump -u\u7528\u6237\u540d -p\u5bc6\u7801 --lock-all-tables --database \u5e93\u540d > \u6587\u4ef6\u540d(D:\/a.sql)
\u53ef\u4ee5-w\u643a\u5e26WHERE\u6761\u4ef6
-- \u5bfc\u5165
1. \u5728\u767b\u5f55mysql\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff1a
\u3000\u3000source  \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6
2. \u5728\u4e0d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b
\u3000\u3000mysql -u\u7528\u6237\u540d -p\u5bc6\u7801 \u5e93\u540d < \u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u89c6\u56fe<\/p>\n
\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a
    \u89c6\u56fe\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u7531\u67e5\u8be2\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u540c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u8868\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5e26\u6709\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u5217\u548c\u884c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u503c\u96c6\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u884c\u548c\u5217\u6570\u636e\u6765\u81ea\u7531\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5f15\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u3002
    \u89c6\u56fe\u5177\u6709\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
    \u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8868\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7b5b\u9009\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u7b5b\u9009\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u81ea\u5f53\u524d\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5176\u5b83\u89c6\u56fe\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u89c6\u56fe\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u7684\u9650\u5236\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c11\u3002
    \u89c6\u56fe\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u7684sql\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e24\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u9690\u85cf\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u9669\u57fa\u91d1\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u89c6\u56fe\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u59d3\u540d\uff0c\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u9669\u53f7\u548c\u5de5\u8d44\u6570\u7b49\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u53ef\u4f7f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
-- \u521b\u5efa\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
CREATE<\/span> [OR<\/span> REPLACE<\/span>] [ALGORITHM = {UNDEFINED | MERGE<\/span> | TEMPTABLE}] VIEW<\/span> view_name [(column_list)] AS<\/span> select_statement
    - \u89c6\u56fe\u540d\u5fc5\u987b\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u8868\u91cd\u540d\u3002
    - \u89c6\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528select<\/span>\u8bed\u53e5\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u7684\u5217\u540d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5217\u540d\u3002
    - \u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u89c6\u56fe\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7ALGORITHM\u6307\u5b9a\u3002
    - column_list\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6570\u76ee\u5fc5\u987b\u7b49\u4e8eSELECT<\/span>\u8bed\u53e5\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u5217\u6570
-- \u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>
    SHOW<\/span> CREATE<\/span> VIEW<\/span> view_name
-- \u5220\u9664\u89c6\u56fe<\/span>
    - \u5220\u9664\u89c6\u56fe\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002
    - \u53ef\u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u591a\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u3002
    DROP<\/span> VIEW<\/span> [IF<\/span> EXISTS<\/span>] view_name ...
-- \u4fee\u6539\u89c6\u56fe\u7ed3\u6784<\/span>
    - \u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u89c6\u56fe\u90fd\u4f1a\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8868\u4e0a\u3002
    ALTER<\/span> VIEW<\/span> view_name [(column_list)] AS<\/span> select_statement
-- \u89c6\u56fe\u4f5c\u7528<\/span>
    1.<\/span> \u7b80\u5316\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91
    2.<\/span> \u5bf9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9690\u85cf\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u8868\u7ed3\u6784
-- \u89c6\u56fe\u7b97\u6cd5(ALGORITHM)<\/span>
    MERGE<\/span>       \u5408\u5e76
        \u5c06\u89c6\u56fe\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u67e5\u8be2\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5408\u5e76\u518d\u6267\u884c\uff01
    TEMPTABLE   \u4e34\u65f6\u8868
        \u5c06\u89c6\u56fe\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\uff0c\u518d\u505a\u5916\u5c42\u67e5\u8be2\uff01
    UNDEFINED   \u672a\u5b9a\u4e49(\u9ed8\u8ba4)\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662fMySQL\u81ea\u4e3b\u53bb\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e8b\u52a1(transaction)<\/p>\n
\u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u6307\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u8fd9\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u8981\u4e0d\u5168\u6210\u529f\u8981\u4e0d\u5168\u5931\u8d25\u3002
    - \u652f\u6301\u8fde\u7eedSQL\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u6210\u529f\u6216\u96c6\u4f53\u64a4\u9500\u3002
    - \u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5728\u6570\u636e\u665a\u81ea\u4e60\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u3002
    - \u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528 InnoDB \u6216 BDB \u5b58\u50a8\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u7279\u6027\u652f\u6301\u5b8c\u6210\u3002
    - InnoDB\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5b89\u5168\u578b\u5f15\u64ce\u3002
-- \u4e8b\u52a1\u5f00\u542f<\/span>
    START<\/span> TRANSACTION<\/span>; \u6216\u8005 BEGIN<\/span>;
    \u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u5747\u88ab\u8ba4\u4f5c\u5f53\u524d\u4e8b\u52a1\u5185\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3002
-- \u4e8b\u52a1\u63d0\u4ea4<\/span>
    COMMIT<\/span>;
-- \u4e8b\u52a1\u56de\u6eda<\/span>
    ROLLBACK<\/span>;
    \u5982\u679c\u90e8\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e8b\u52a1\u5f00\u542f\u524d\u3002
-- \u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u7279\u6027<\/span>
    1. \u539f\u5b50\u6027\uff08Atomicity\uff09
        \u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8981\u4e48\u90fd\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u3002
    2. \u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff08Consistency\uff09
        \u4e8b\u52a1\u524d\u540e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002
        - \u4e8b\u52a1\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4
        - \u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684
    3. \u9694\u79bb\u6027\uff08Isolation\uff09
        \u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u53d1\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u6240\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u5e76\u53d1\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8981\u76f8\u4e92\u9694\u79bb\u3002
    4. \u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff08Durability\uff09
        \u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6539\u53d8\u5c31\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u7684\u3002
-- \u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>
    1. \u8981\u6c42\u662f\u4e8b\u52a1\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8868\u7c7b\u578b
    2. \u6267\u884c\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d\u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1
    3. \u6574\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5219\u63d0\u4ea4\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u56de\u6eda\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u56de\u5230\u4e8b\u52a1\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u70b9\u3002
-- \u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u539f\u7406<\/span>
    \u5229\u7528InnoDB\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4(autocommit)\u7279\u6027\u5b8c\u6210\u3002
    \u666e\u901a\u7684MySQL\u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u4ea4\u64cd\u4f5c\u5747\u53ef\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u89c1\u3002
    \u800c\u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u6682\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u201d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u9700\u8981commit<\/span>\u63d0\u4ea4\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
-- \u6ce8\u610f<\/span>
    1.<\/span> \u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bed\u8a00\uff08DDL\uff09\u8bed\u53e5\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u56de\u6eda\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u53d6\u6d88\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u53d6\u6d88\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u8868\u6216\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5b50\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u3002
    2.<\/span> \u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5d4c\u5957
-- \u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9<\/span>
    SAVEPOINT<\/span> \u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9\u540d\u79f0 -- \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9<\/span>
    ROLLBACK<\/span> TO<\/span> SAVEPOINT<\/span> \u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9\u540d\u79f0 -- \u56de\u6eda\u5230\u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9<\/span>
    RELEASE<\/span> SAVEPOINT<\/span> \u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9\u540d\u79f0 -- \u5220\u9664\u4fdd\u5b58\u70b9<\/span>
-- InnoDB\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u7279\u6027\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
    SET<\/span> autocommit = 0<\/span>|1<\/span>;   0\u8868\u793a\u5173\u95ed\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c1\u8868\u793a\u5f00\u542f\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002
    - \u5982\u679c\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u666e\u901a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u9700\u8981commit<\/span>\u63d0\u4ea4\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
    - \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u95ed\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u6765\u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u4f46\u4e0eSTART<\/span> TRANSACTION<\/span>\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c
        SET<\/span> autocommit\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u6539\u53d8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e0b\u6b21\u518d\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u8be5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002(\u9488\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5)
        \u800cSTART<\/span> TRANSACTION<\/span>\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f00\u542f\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u65e6\u4e8b\u52a1\u63d0\u4ea4\u6216\u56de\u6eda\u540e\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002(\u9488\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u4e8b\u52a1)<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9501\u8868<\/p>\n
\u8868\u9501\u5b9a\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u5176\u5b83\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u6b63\u5f53\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165
MyISAM \u652f\u6301\u8868\u9501\uff0cInnoDB \u652f\u6301\u884c\u9501
-- \u9501\u5b9a<\/span>
    LOCK<\/span> TABLES<\/span> tbl_name [AS<\/span> alias]
-- \u89e3\u9501<\/span>
    UNLOCK<\/span> TABLES<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u89e6\u53d1\u5668<\/p>\n
    \u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u4e0e\u8868\u6709\u5173\u7684\u547d\u540d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5f53\u8be5\u8868\u51fa\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6fc0\u6d3b\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61
    \u76d1\u542c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3002
-- \u521b\u5efa\u89e6\u53d1\u5668<\/span>
CREATE<\/span> TRIGGER<\/span> trigger_name trigger_time trigger_event ON<\/span> tbl_name FOR<\/span> EACH<\/span> ROW<\/span> trigger_stmt
    \u53c2\u6570\uff1a
    trigger_time\u662f\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f before<\/span> \u6216 after<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u6307\u660e\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5728\u6fc0\u6d3b\u5b83\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u4e4b\u524d\u6216\u4e4b\u540e\u89e6\u53d1\u3002
    trigger_event\u6307\u660e\u4e86\u6fc0\u6d3b\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b
        INSERT<\/span>\uff1a\u5c06\u65b0\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u8868\u65f6\u6fc0\u6d3b\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f
        UPDATE<\/span>\uff1a\u66f4\u6539\u67d0\u4e00\u884c\u65f6\u6fc0\u6d3b\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f
        DELETE<\/span>\uff1a\u4ece\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u67d0\u4e00\u884c\u65f6\u6fc0\u6d3b\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f
    tbl_name\uff1a\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0eTEMPORARY<\/span>\u8868\u6216\u89c6\u56fe\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002
    trigger_stmt\uff1a\u5f53\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6fc0\u6d3b\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528BEGIN<\/span>...END<\/span>\u590d\u5408\u8bed\u53e5\u7ed3\u6784
-- \u5220\u9664<\/span>
DROP<\/span> TRIGGER<\/span> [schema_name.]trigger_name
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528old\u548cnew\u4ee3\u66ff\u65e7\u7684\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e
    \u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u524d\u662fold\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u662fnew.
    \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709old.
    \u589e\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709new.
-- \u6ce8\u610f<\/span>
    1.<\/span> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8868\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n

<\/p>\n
-- \u5b57\u7b26\u8fde\u63a5\u51fd\u6570<\/span>
concat(str1,str2,...])
concat_ws(separator,str1,str2,...)

-- \u5206\u652f\u8bed\u53e5<\/span>
if \u6761\u4ef6 then
    \u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5
elseif \u6761\u4ef6 then
    \u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5
else
    \u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5
end<\/span> if<\/span>;

-- \u4fee\u6539\u6700\u5916\u5c42\u8bed\u53e5\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26<\/span>
delimiter \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u53f7
    SQL\u8bed\u53e5
\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u53f7
delimiter ;     -- \u4fee\u6539\u56de\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5206\u53f7<\/span>

-- \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u5305\u88f9<\/span>
begin<\/span>
    \u8bed\u53e5\u5757
end<\/span>

-- \u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6267\u884c<\/span>
1.<\/span> \u53ea\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
2.<\/span> Insert<\/span> into<\/span> on<\/span> duplicate key<\/span> update<\/span> \u8bed\u6cd5\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\uff1a
    \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1 before<\/span> insert<\/span>, after<\/span> insert<\/span>;
    \u5982\u679c\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u8bb0\u5f55\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1 before insert<\/span>, before<\/span> update<\/span>, after<\/span> update<\/span>;
    \u5982\u679c\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5219\u89e6\u53d1 before insert<\/span>, before<\/span> update<\/span>
3.<\/span> Replace<\/span> \u8bed\u6cd5 \u5982\u679c\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u6267\u884c before<\/span> insert<\/span>, before<\/span> delete<\/span>, after<\/span> delete<\/span>, after<\/span> insert<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
SQL\u7f16\u7a0b<\/p>\n
--\/\/ \u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf ----------<\/span>
-- \u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e<\/span>
    declare<\/span> var_name[,...] type [default<\/span> value<\/span>]
    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8981\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u8bf7\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2adefault<\/span>\u5b50\u53e5\u3002\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709default<\/span>\u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4e3anull<\/span>\u3002
-- \u8d4b\u503c<\/span>
    \u4f7f\u7528 set<\/span> \u548c select<\/span> into<\/span> \u8bed\u53e5\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u3002
    - \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff09


--\/\/ \u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf ----------<\/span>
-- \u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u8d4b\u503c<\/span>
set<\/span> \u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e76\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u3002
set<\/span> @var<\/span> = value<\/span>;
\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528select<\/span> into<\/span>\u8bed\u53e5\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5e76\u8d4b\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u8981\u6c42select<\/span>\u8bed\u53e5\u53ea\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5217\u6570\u4e00\u81f4\u3002
\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7select<\/span>\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d=\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528:=\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002\uff08set<\/span>\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528= \u548c :=\uff09\u3002
select<\/span> @var<\/span>:=20<\/span>;
select<\/span> @v1:=id, @v2=name from<\/span> t1 limit<\/span> 1<\/span>;
select<\/span> * from<\/span> tbl_name where<\/span> @var<\/span>:=30<\/span>;
select<\/span> into<\/span> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8d4b\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u3002
    -| select<\/span> max<\/span>(height) into<\/span> @max_height from<\/span> tb;
-- \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u540d<\/span>
\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514dselect<\/span>\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\uff09\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u524d\u4f7f\u7528@\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u59cb\u7b26\u53f7\u3002
@var<\/span>=10<\/span>;
    - \u53d8\u91cf\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5468\u671f\u90fd\u6709\u6548\uff08\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u9000\u51fa\uff09



--\/\/ \u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784 ----------<\/span>
-- if\u8bed\u53e5<\/span>
if search_condition then
    statement_list   
[elseif search_condition then
    statement_list]
...
[else
    statement_list]
end<\/span> if<\/span>;
-- case\u8bed\u53e5<\/span>
CASE value WHEN [compare-value] THEN result
[WHEN [compare-value] THEN result ...]
[ELSE result]
END<\/span>
-- while\u5faa\u73af<\/span>
[begin_label:] while search_condition do<\/span>
    statement_list
end<\/span> while [end_label];
- \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u5185\u63d0\u524d\u7ec8\u6b62 while\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u7b7e\uff1b\u6807\u7b7e\u9700\u8981\u6210\u5bf9\u51fa\u73b0\u3002
    -- \u9000\u51fa\u5faa\u73af<\/span>
        \u9000\u51fa\u6574\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af leave
        \u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5faa\u73af iterate
        \u901a\u8fc7\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u51b3\u5b9a\u9000\u51fa\u54ea\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af



--\/\/ \u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570 ----------<\/span>
-- \u6570\u503c\u51fd\u6570<\/span>
abs(x)          -- \u7edd\u5bf9\u503c abs(-10.9) = 10<\/span>
format(x, d)    -- \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5343\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u503c format(1234567.456, 2) = 1,234,567.46<\/span>
ceil(x)         -- \u5411\u4e0a\u53d6\u6574 ceil(10.1) = 11<\/span>
floor(x)        -- \u5411\u4e0b\u53d6\u6574 floor (10.1) = 10<\/span>
round(x)        -- \u56db\u820d\u4e94\u5165\u53bb\u6574<\/span>
mod(m, n)       -- m%n m mod n \u6c42\u4f59 10%3=1<\/span>
pi()            -- \u83b7\u5f97\u5706\u5468\u7387<\/span>
pow(m, n)       -- m^n<\/span>
sqrt(x)         -- \u7b97\u672f\u5e73\u65b9\u6839<\/span>
rand()          -- \u968f\u673a\u6570<\/span>
truncate<\/span>(x, d)  -- \u622a\u53d6d\u4f4d\u5c0f\u6570<\/span>
-- \u65f6\u95f4\u65e5\u671f\u51fd\u6570<\/span>
now<\/span>(), current_timestamp<\/span>();     -- \u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4<\/span>
current_date();                 -- \u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f<\/span>
current_time();                 -- \u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4<\/span>
date('yyyy-mm-dd hh:ii:ss');    -- \u83b7\u53d6\u65e5\u671f\u90e8\u5206<\/span>
time('yyyy-mm-dd hh:ii:ss');    -- \u83b7\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4\u90e8\u5206<\/span>
date_format('yyyy-mm-dd hh:ii:ss', '%d %y %a %d %m %b %j'); -- \u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4<\/span>
unix_timestamp();               -- \u83b7\u5f97unix\u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/span>
from_unixtime();                -- \u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u83b7\u5f97\u65f6\u95f4<\/span>
-- \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u51fd\u6570<\/span>
length(string)          -- string\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b57\u8282<\/span>
char_length(string)     -- string\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2a\u6570<\/span>
substring(str, position [,length])      -- \u4ecestr\u7684position\u5f00\u59cb,\u53d6length\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/span>
replace<\/span>(str<\/span> ,search_str ,replace_str)   -- \u5728str\u4e2d\u7528replace_str\u66ff\u6362search_str<\/span>
instr<\/span>(string<\/span> ,substring<\/span>)    -- \u8fd4\u56desubstring\u9996\u6b21\u5728string\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span>
concat<\/span>(string<\/span> [,...])   -- \u8fde\u63a5\u5b57\u4e32<\/span>
charset<\/span>(str<\/span>)            -- \u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u4e32\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6<\/span>
lcase<\/span>(string<\/span>)           -- \u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5c0f\u5199<\/span>
left<\/span>(string<\/span>, length)    -- \u4ecestring2\u4e2d\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\u8d77\u53d6length\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/span>
load_file<\/span>(file_name)    -- \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
locate<\/span>(substring<\/span>, string<\/span> [,start_position]) -- \u540cinstr,\u4f46\u53ef\u6307\u5b9a\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span>
lpad<\/span>(string<\/span>, length, pad<\/span>)   -- \u91cd\u590d\u7528pad\u52a0\u5728string\u5f00\u5934,\u76f4\u5230\u5b57\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3alength<\/span>
ltrim<\/span>(string<\/span>)           -- \u53bb\u9664\u524d\u7aef\u7a7a\u683c<\/span>
repeat<\/span>(string<\/span>, count<\/span>)   -- \u91cd\u590dcount\u6b21<\/span>
rpad<\/span>(string<\/span>, length, pad<\/span>)   --\u5728str\u540e\u7528pad\u8865\u5145,\u76f4\u5230\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3alength<\/span>
rtrim<\/span>(string<\/span>)           -- \u53bb\u9664\u540e\u7aef\u7a7a\u683c<\/span>
strcmp<\/span>(string1 ,string2)    -- \u9010\u5b57\u7b26\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u5b57\u4e32\u5927\u5c0f<\/span>
-- \u6d41\u7a0b\u51fd\u6570<\/span>
case<\/span> when<\/span> [condition] then<\/span> result [when<\/span> [condition] then<\/span> result ...] [else<\/span> result] end<\/span>   \u591a\u5206\u652f
if<\/span>(expr1,expr2,expr3)  \u53cc\u5206\u652f\u3002
-- \u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570<\/span>
count<\/span>()
sum<\/span>();
max();
min();
avg();
group_concat()
-- \u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/span>
md5();
default();

--\/\/ \u5b58\u50a8\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570 ----------<\/span>
-- \u65b0\u5efa<\/span>
    CREATE<\/span> FUNCTION<\/span> function_name (\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868) RETURNS<\/span> \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b
        \u51fd\u6570\u4f53
    - \u51fd\u6570\u540d\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u51b2\u7a81\u3002
    - \u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5e94\u8be5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528db_name.funciton_name\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\u5f53\u524d\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u5c5e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002
    - \u53c2\u6570\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7531\"\u53c2\u6570\u540d\"<\/span>\u548c\"\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\"<\/span>\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00\u3002
    - \u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u7531\u591a\u6761\u53ef\u7528\u7684mysql\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\u7b49\u8bed\u53e5\u6784\u6210\u3002
    - \u591a\u6761\u8bed\u53e5\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528 begin<\/span>...end<\/span> \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u5305\u542b\u3002
    - \u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6709 return<\/span> \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u3002
-- \u5220\u9664<\/span>
    DROP<\/span> FUNCTION<\/span> [IF<\/span> EXISTS<\/span>] function_name;
-- \u67e5\u770b<\/span>
    SHOW<\/span> FUNCTION<\/span> STATUS<\/span> LIKE<\/span> 'partten'<\/span>
    SHOW<\/span> CREATE<\/span> FUNCTION<\/span> function_name;
-- \u4fee\u6539<\/span>
    ALTER<\/span> FUNCTION<\/span> function_name \u51fd\u6570\u9009\u9879

--\/\/ \u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u529f\u80fd ----------<\/span>
-- \u5b9a\u4e49<\/span>
\u5b58\u50a8\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b \u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff08\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff09\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684sql<\/span>\u7ec4\u6210\u3002
\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u62a5\u540d\uff0c\u4ea4\u73ed\u8d39\uff0c\u8ba2\u5355\u5165\u5e93\u7b49\u3002
\u800c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u89c6\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u800c\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u6267\u884c \u901a\u8fc7call<\/span>\u6267\u884c\u3002
-- \u521b\u5efa<\/span>
CREATE<\/span> PROCEDURE<\/span> sp_name (\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868)
    \u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f53
\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u660e\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b
IN<\/span>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u578b
OUT\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8f93\u51fa\u578b
INOUT\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6df7\u5408\u578b
\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002


\/* \u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b *\/<\/span> ------------------<\/span>
\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6027\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u66f4\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002
\u8c03\u7528\uff1aCALL<\/span> \u8fc7\u7a0b\u540d
-- \u6ce8\u610f<\/span>
- \u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002
- \u53ea\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5939\u6742\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d
-- \u53c2\u6570<\/span>
IN<\/span>|OUT|INOUT \u53c2\u6570\u540d \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b
IN<\/span>      \u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u53c2\u6570
OUT     \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef
INOUT   \u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\u65e2\u53ef\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u8f93\u51fa
-- \u8bed\u6cd5<\/span>
CREATE<\/span> PROCEDURE<\/span> \u8fc7\u7a0b\u540d (\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868)
BEGIN<\/span>
    \u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f53
END<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7528\u6237\u548c\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n
-- root\u5bc6\u7801\u91cd\u7f6e<\/span>
1. \u505c\u6b62MySQL\u670d\u52a1
2.  [Linux] \/usr\/local\/mysql\/bin\/safe_mysqld --skip-grant-tables &<\/span>
    [Windows] mysqld --skip-grant-tables<\/span>
3. use<\/span> mysql;
4. UPDATE<\/span> `user`<\/span> SET<\/span> PASSWORD<\/span>=PASSWORD<\/span>(\"\u5bc6\u7801\"<\/span>) WHERE<\/span> `user`<\/span> = \"root\"<\/span>;
5. FLUSH<\/span> PRIVILEGES<\/span>;
\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u8868\uff1amysql.user
-- \u5237\u65b0\u6743\u9650<\/span>
FLUSH<\/span> PRIVILEGES<\/span>;
-- \u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237<\/span>
CREATE<\/span> USER<\/span> \u7528\u6237\u540d IDENTIFIED<\/span> BY<\/span> [PASSWORD<\/span>] \u5bc6\u7801(\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32)
    - \u5fc5\u987b\u62e5\u6709mysql\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5168\u5c40CREATE<\/span> USER<\/span>\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6216\u62e5\u6709INSERT<\/span>\u6743\u9650\u3002
    - \u53ea\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d4b\u4e88\u6743\u9650\u3002
    - \u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5f15\u53f7\uff1a\u5982 'user_name'<\/span>@'192.168.1.1'<\/span>
    - \u5bc6\u7801\u4e5f\u9700\u5f15\u53f7\uff0c\u7eaf\u6570\u5b57\u5bc6\u7801\u4e5f\u8981\u52a0\u5f15\u53f7
    - \u8981\u5728\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u9700\u5ffd\u7565PASSWORD<\/span>\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u3002\u8981\u628a\u5bc6\u7801\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u7531PASSWORD<\/span>()\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6df7\u7f16\u503c\uff0c\u9700\u5305\u542b\u5173\u952e\u5b57PASSWORD<\/span>
-- \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u7528\u6237<\/span>
RENAME<\/span> USER<\/span> old_user TO<\/span> new_user
-- \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/span>
SET<\/span> PASSWORD<\/span> = PASSWORD<\/span>('\u5bc6\u7801'<\/span>)  -- \u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/span>
SET<\/span> PASSWORD<\/span> FOR<\/span> \u7528\u6237\u540d = PASSWORD<\/span>('\u5bc6\u7801'<\/span>) -- \u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/span>
-- \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237<\/span>
DROP<\/span> USER<\/span> \u7528\u6237\u540d
-- \u5206\u914d\u6743\u9650\/\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237<\/span>
GRANT<\/span> \u6743\u9650\u5217\u8868 ON<\/span> \u8868\u540d TO<\/span> \u7528\u6237\u540d [IDENTIFIED<\/span> BY<\/span> [PASSWORD<\/span>] 'password'<\/span>]
    - all<\/span> privileges<\/span> \u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6743\u9650
    - *.* \u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5e93\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8868
    - \u5e93\u540d.\u8868\u540d \u8868\u793a\u67d0\u5e93\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u67d0\u8868
    GRANT<\/span> ALL<\/span> PRIVILEGES<\/span> ON<\/span> `pms`<\/span>.* TO<\/span> 'pms'<\/span>@'%'<\/span> IDENTIFIED<\/span> BY<\/span> 'pms0817'<\/span>;
-- \u67e5\u770b\u6743\u9650<\/span>
SHOW<\/span> GRANTS<\/span> FOR<\/span> \u7528\u6237\u540d
    -- \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650<\/span>
    SHOW<\/span> GRANTS<\/span>; \u6216 SHOW<\/span> GRANTS<\/span> FOR<\/span> CURRENT_USER<\/span>; \u6216 SHOW<\/span> GRANTS<\/span> FOR<\/span> CURRENT_USER<\/span>();
-- \u64a4\u6d88\u6743\u9650<\/span>
REVOKE \u6743\u9650\u5217\u8868 ON \u8868\u540d FROM \u7528\u6237\u540d
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRANT<\/span> OPTION<\/span> FROM<\/span> \u7528\u6237\u540d   -- \u64a4\u9500\u6240\u6709\u6743\u9650<\/span>
-- \u6743\u9650\u5c42\u7ea7<\/span>
-- \u8981\u4f7f\u7528GRANT\u6216REVOKE\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u62e5\u6709GRANT OPTION\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u4e8e\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u6388\u4e88\u6216\u64a4\u9500\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/span>
\u5168\u5c40\u5c42\u7ea7\uff1a\u5168\u5c40\u6743\u9650\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0cmysql.user<\/span>
    GRANT<\/span> ALL<\/span> ON<\/span> *.*\u548c REVOKE<\/span> ALL<\/span> ON<\/span> *.*\u53ea\u6388\u4e88\u548c\u64a4\u9500\u5168\u5c40\u6743\u9650\u3002
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u7ea7\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6743\u9650\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u6807\uff0cmysql.db, mysql.host
    GRANT<\/span> ALL<\/span> ON<\/span> db_name.*\u548cREVOKE<\/span> ALL<\/span> ON<\/span> db_name.*\u53ea\u6388\u4e88\u548c\u64a4\u9500\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6743\u9650\u3002
\u8868\u5c42\u7ea7\uff1a\u8868\u6743\u9650\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\uff0cmysql.talbes_priv
    GRANT<\/span> ALL<\/span> ON<\/span> db_name.tbl_name\u548cREVOKE<\/span> ALL<\/span> ON<\/span> db_name.tbl_name\u53ea\u6388\u4e88\u548c\u64a4\u9500\u8868\u6743\u9650\u3002
\u5217\u5c42\u7ea7\uff1a\u5217\u6743\u9650\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u5217\uff0cmysql.columns_priv
    \u5f53\u4f7f\u7528REVOKE<\/span>\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0e\u88ab\u6388\u6743\u5217\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5217\u3002
-- \u6743\u9650\u5217\u8868<\/span>
ALL<\/span> [PRIVILEGES<\/span>]    -- \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9664GRANT OPTION\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u6743\u9650<\/span>
ALTER<\/span>   -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528ALTER TABLE<\/span>
ALTER<\/span> ROUTINE   -- \u66f4\u6539\u6216\u53d6\u6d88\u5df2\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5b50\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/span>
CREATE<\/span>  -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528CREATE TABLE<\/span>
CREATE<\/span> ROUTINE  -- \u521b\u5efa\u5df2\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5b50\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/span>
CREATE<\/span> TEMPORARY<\/span> TABLES<\/span>     -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE<\/span>
CREATE<\/span> USER<\/span>     -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528CREATE USER, DROP USER, RENAME USER\u548cREVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES\u3002<\/span>
CREATE<\/span> VIEW<\/span>     -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528CREATE VIEW<\/span>
DELETE<\/span>  -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528DELETE<\/span>
DROP<\/span>    -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528DROP TABLE<\/span>
EXECUTE<\/span>     -- \u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\u5df2\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5b50\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/span>
FILE    -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528SELECT...INTO OUTFILE\u548cLOAD DATA INFILE<\/span>
INDEX<\/span>   -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528CREATE INDEX\u548cDROP INDEX<\/span>
INSERT<\/span>  -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528INSERT<\/span>
LOCK<\/span> TABLES<\/span>     -- \u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u60a8\u62e5\u6709SELECT\u6743\u9650\u7684\u8868\u4f7f\u7528LOCK TABLES<\/span>
PROCESS     -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST<\/span>
REFERENCES<\/span>  -- \u672a\u88ab\u5b9e\u65bd<\/span>
RELOAD  -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528FLUSH<\/span>
REPLICATION CLIENT  -- \u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u8be2\u95ee\u4ece\u5c5e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740<\/span>
REPLICATION SLAVE<\/span>   -- \u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u5236\u578b\u4ece\u5c5e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u4ece\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff09<\/span>
SELECT<\/span>  -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528SELECT<\/span>
SHOW<\/span> DATABASES<\/span>  -- \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/span>
SHOW<\/span> VIEW<\/span>   -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528SHOW CREATE VIEW<\/span>
SHUTDOWN    -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528mysqladmin shutdown<\/span>
SUPER   -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528CHANGE MASTER, KILL, PURGE MASTER LOGS\u548cSET GLOBAL\u8bed\u53e5\uff0cmysqladmin debug\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u4e00\u6b21\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230max_connections\u3002<\/span>
UPDATE<\/span>  -- \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528UPDATE<\/span>
USAGE<\/span>   -- \u201c\u65e0\u6743\u9650\u201d\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd<\/span>
GRANT<\/span> OPTION<\/span>    -- \u5141\u8bb8\u6388\u4e88\u6743\u9650<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8868\u7ef4\u62a4<\/p>\n
-- \u5206\u6790\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u8868\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5206\u5e03<\/span>
ANALYZE<\/span> [LOCAL<\/span> | NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG<\/span>] TABLE<\/span> \u8868\u540d ...
-- \u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u662f\u5426\u6709\u9519\u8bef<\/span>
CHECK<\/span> TABLE<\/span> tbl_name [, tbl_name] ... [option<\/span>] ...
option<\/span> = {QUICK<\/span> | FAST<\/span> | MEDIUM<\/span> | EXTENDED<\/span> | CHANGED<\/span>}
-- \u6574\u7406\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u788e\u7247<\/span>
OPTIMIZE<\/span> [LOCAL<\/span> | NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG<\/span>] TABLE<\/span> tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6742\u9879<\/p>\n
1. \u53ef\u7528\u53cd\u5f15\u53f7\uff08`\uff09\u4e3a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff08\u5e93\u540d\u3001\u8868\u540d\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u522b\u540d\uff09\u5305\u88f9\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u91cd\u540d\uff01\u4e2d\u6587\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff01
2. \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e93\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9009\u9879\u6587\u4ef6db.opt\u3002
3. \u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a
    \u5355\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca # \u6ce8\u91ca\u5185\u5bb9
    \u591a\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca \/* \u6ce8\u91ca\u5185\u5bb9 *\/<\/span>
    \u5355\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca -- \u6ce8\u91ca\u5185\u5bb9     (\u6807\u51c6SQL\u6ce8\u91ca\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u53cc\u7834\u6298\u53f7\u540e\u52a0\u4e00\u7a7a\u683c\u7b26\uff08\u7a7a\u683c\u3001TAB\u3001\u6362\u884c\u7b49\uff09)<\/span>
4. \u6a21\u5f0f\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff1a
    _   \u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26
    %   \u4efb\u610f\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5305\u62ec\u96f6\u5b57\u7b26
    \u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u4e49 '
5. CMD\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5185\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a \";\", \"G\", \"g\"\uff0c\u4ec5\u5f71\u54cd\u663e\u793a\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u8fd8\u662f\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u7ed3\u675f\u3002delimiter \u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u3002
6. SQL\u5bf9\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u654f\u611f
7. \u6e05\u9664\u5df2\u6709\u8bed\u53e5\uff1ac<\/code><\/pre>\n

<\/p>\n
<\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n
\n
\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7:                 \u6f6e\u6c55IT\u667a\u5e93              <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n","raw":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Windows\u670d\u52a1 — \u542f\u52a8MySQL    net start mysql– \u521b\u5efaWindows\u670d\u52a1 & …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":542,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"emotion":"","emotion_color":"","title_style":"","license":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-543","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mysql","category-spring-cloud"],"post_thumbnail_image":"https:\/\/wp-moto-1258805347.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com\/2023\/05\/20230528010522355-150x150.jpeg","content_first_image":null,"post_medium_image_300":"https:\/\/wp-moto-1258805347.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com\/2023\/05\/20230528010522355.jpeg","post_thumbnail_image_624":"https:\/\/wp-moto-1258805347.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com\/2023\/05\/20230528010522355.jpeg","post_frist_image":null,"post_medium_image":"https:\/\/wp-moto-1258805347.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com\/2023\/05\/20230528010522355.jpeg","post_large_image":"https:\/\/wp-moto-1258805347.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com\/2023\/05\/20230528010522355.jpeg","post_full_image":"https:\/\/wp-moto-1258805347.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com\/2023\/05\/20230528010522355.jpeg","post_all_images":[],"videoAdId":"","listAd":"0","listAdId":"","listAdEvery":6,"total_comments":0,"category_name":"MySQL","post_date":"2023-05-26","like_count":"0","praiseWord":"\u9f13\u52b1","copyright_state":"","excitationAd":"0","rewardedVideoAdId":"","detailAdId":"","detailAd":"0","enterpriseMinapp":"0","audios":[],"postImageUrl":"https:\/\/wp-moto-1258805347.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com\/2023\/05\/20230519082947553.jpg","avatarurls":[],"related_posts":null,"pageviews":307,"next_post_id":309,"next_post_title":"SpringBoot\u6574\u5408Canal+RabbitMQ\u76d1\u542c\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u66f4~","previous_post_id":359,"previous_post_title":"SQL \u4f18\u5316\u5b9e\u8df5","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/543","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=543"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/543\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/542"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinchewhd.com.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}